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The Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC) is developing a new reactor that will significantly enhance the endurance and submergence time of India's next-generation submarines, specifically the S-5 class nuclear-powered vessels. The new reactor, expected to generate 200 MWe, is a major upgrade from the current submarines' capacity of 83 MWe.

This advancement comes amid increasing maritime nuclear capabilities from China. Additionally, BARC is designing various small modular reactors to support clean hydrogen production, as highlighted by the Atomic Energy Commission chairman at an international conference.