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Recent developments in molten salt technologies include thorium reactors in the Gobi Desert and renewable heat projects in Denmark. These advancements aim to enhance grid flexibility for renewable energy and address the decarbonization pressures facing heavy industries.

Research indicates that over 3,100 TWhth of waste heat is produced globally, with molten salt capable of capturing and storing this heat for industrial use, thereby reducing fuel consumption and emissions. Innovations are needed to improve the economics of molten salt systems, particularly in handling its corrosive nature and varying physical properties.

New vertical turbine pump technologies and third-generation applications for concentrating solar power are under development, with successful pilot programs demonstrating storage of renewable energy at temperatures up to 700°C. These advancements present a cost-effective route for decarbonization in challenging sectors.