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JCB has made significant advancements in the construction equipment sector, being the first to produce an electric mini excavator and develop a hydrogen fuel cell excavator prototype, along with a hydrogen combustion engine and working backhoe. Historically, JCB has introduced several industry firsts, including Europe's first hydraulic tipping trailer and the world's first backhoe loader.

The company faced challenges in certifying its hydrogen combustion engine under EU Stage V emissions controls due to the absence of hydrogen as a reference fuel but successfully secured compliance using the New Technologies provision. Recently, JCB worked with the UK Department for Transport to change regulations that barred hydrogen-powered construction and agricultural equipment from operating on roads, facilitating a landmark shift for the industry. JCB emphasizes that innovation requires pioneers to overcome regulatory barriers.