Article

The NASF Foundation Research Board selected a project in 2022 focused on scalable manufacturing processes for hydrogen fuel cells and electrolysis cells. In Q4 2025, the UTD research group detailed advances in printable electronics, addressing confined printing transfer, establishing printing parameters, and measuring electrical conductivity of copper lines. The method demonstrated effective patterning with resistivities of 3.39 μΩ·cm, near bulk copper levels.