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South Africa and Japan are enhancing their diplomatic relations, focusing on science, technology, and innovation. A key initiative is a green hydrogen partnership led by South Africa's Department of Science, Technology and Innovation, expected to inject over R300 billion into the local economy.

The collaboration, which has yielded over 5,000 joint research publications since 2017, aims to address global challenges like climate change. Total trade between the countries reached R140 billion in 2025, with Japan being a significant investor in South Africa.