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TotalEnergies inaugurated a pilot plant in Feluy, Belgium, to test high-temperature co-electrolysis for e-fuels. E-fuels are synthesized by capturing CO2 and combining it with hydrogen from electrolysis, aiming for a theoretically neutral carbon footprint.

However, production costs are significantly higher than fossil fuels, with projections for e-diesel and e-kerosene reaching between €2.82 to €7,000 per ton by 2030. Despite promising applications in aviation and hard-to-electrify sectors, energy consumption for e-fuels is four to five times higher than direct battery electric vehicles, raising concerns about efficiency and resource allocation.