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North Korea operates two high explosive test sites, Yongdok-dong and Kumchang-ni, for nuclear weapons development, with Yongdok-dong becoming operational in late 2025 and Kumchang-ni recently ceasing operations. Both sites have facilitated numerous tests of fission implosion weapon components since resuming activities in January 2021, with nine outdoor tests conducted between April 2021 and February 2024. The differences in crater sizes at these sites may indicate varying explosive charge capacities or distinct nuclear weapon designs being tested.