Article

The Swiss TIMES Energy System Model (STEM), developed by the Paul Scherrer Institute, is a key tool for guiding Switzerland's energy transition, addressing decarbonization, renewable integration, and the strategic role of hydropower. Launched in 2006 with support from the Swiss Federal Office of Energy, STEM has expanded its applications to include analyses for New Zealand and aims to incorporate non-CO₂ greenhouse gases and climate change impacts. Its comprehensive data and advanced features position it as a leading model for evidence-based energy policy analysis globally.