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Russia and Canada have opted out of the International Maritime Organization's voluntary ban on heavy fuel oil in the Arctic, with Russia intending to use HFO for at least five more years. Analysts note that while Canada's position may change, the transition to environmentally friendly fuels is essential, requiring significant investments in vessel modernization and compliance with international standards. Marine engineer Viktor Genkulov highlights the potential economic benefits of improved fuel efficiency and advocates for digital monitoring systems to enhance safety and sustainability in the shipping sector.