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In Hardin County, Kentucky, the battery plant initially promoted for electric vehicle (EV) production is now pivoting to manufacturing batteries for data centers. In 2021, Governor Andy Beshear announced the plant would create thousands of jobs, supported by substantial federal subsidies including a zero-interest loan.

However, as of August 2025, Beshear highlighted the commencement of production at what were touted as major battery plants for the automotive industry. The shift to data center batteries raises concerns over the sustainability of jobs, as experts warn that these initiatives rely heavily on taxpayer funding and may not fulfill long-term employment promises. The previous federal EV tax credit, which was terminated by the Trump administration, has been criticized for disproportionately benefiting higher-income individuals.